Women’s Perception of Safety in the City Street of Kuala Lumpur: The Covid-19 Impact
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.11113/ijbes.v9.n2-2.1022Keywords:
Street, perception of safety, sustainability, urban, Covid-19, pandemic, public spaceAbstract
The street is a vital public space for all in a city. It is the spine that connects to buildings, transportation nodes, public spaces like pocket spaces and other nodes for pedestrian. Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) promotes the inclusivity for all. To achieve sustainability, street should be safe for all especially women who are a vulnerable group. As a public space, there are many restrictions implemented during the Movement Control Order (MCO) to curb the spread of Covid-19, therefore the livelihood, dynamic and safety is a concern for those who still needs to be on the street. Even though the city street is not as busy as before the pandemic, safety is still a main concern especially amongst women. This study is focusing on women’s perception of safety in the street. This is always a concern as the pandemic has affected the economic sectors which in turn affects employment. Unemployment leads to crime which creates an unsafe perception. In order to evaluate the issue, a case study approach has been chosen and Jalan Tuanku Abdul Rahman in Kuala Lumpur is the area for this study. This study was performed through mixed method of in-depth interview, structured observation and questionnaire survey. Finding reveals that to enhance perception of safety for women, street design needs to consider both physical and social characteristic in the city. Pedestrian needs to use the street during the pandemic, and therefore findings from this study could assist policy maker and designer in developing framework for a safer street
References
Appleyard. D. (1980), Liveable Streets; Protected Neighborhood, The Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science
Changing Cities: A Challenge to Planning (Sep., 1980) 451: 1
Archdaily.com (2021), 12 Key Principles for an Effective Urban Response during COVID-19, retrieved from www.archdaily.com. Accessed date 7th July 2021.
Canterbury Well Being Index, (2021), Perceptions of Safety, retrieved from www.canterburywellbeing.org.nz
Carmona, M., Heath, T, Oc, T. & Tiesdell,S. (2003), Public Places-Urban Spaces: The Dimensions of Urban Design, Architectural Press.
Crowe, S., Cresswell, K., Robertson, A., Huby, G., Avery, A., & Sheikh, A. (2011). The case study approach. BMC medical research methodology, 11: 100. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2288-11-100
Department of Statistic Malaysia, (2020), Report of Special Survey on Effects of Covid-19 on Companies and Business Firm (Round 1). Retrieved from www.dosm.gov.my Accessed date 2nd July 2021.
Department of Statistic Malaysia, (2021), Demographic Statistics Second Qaurter 2021, Malayisa. Retrieved from www.dosm.gov.my Accessed date 2nd July 2021.
Fotios, S. A., Unwin, J., Farrall, S. (2015). Road lighting and pedestrian reassurance after dark: A review. Lighting Research & Technology, 47: 449-469. doi:110.1177/1477153514524587
Jacobs, J. (1961), The Death and Life of Great American Cities, Random House USA Inc, New York, United States.
Kelling, G.L & Wilson, J.Q, (1982), Broken Window Theory, Atlantic Monthly 249, March 1992 Issue, retrieved from www.theatlantic.com. Accessed date 6th July 2021.
Lynch, K. (1981), A Theory of Good City Form, MIT Press, Cambridge.
Malay Mail (2021), Addressing problem faced by rakyat struggling to make ends meet is the way to reduce crimes, retrieved from www.malaymail.com. Accessed date 1st July 2021.
Malay Mail (2021), MCO 3.0: Restaurants on ‘deserted’ Jalan Tuanku Abdul Rahman and its vicinity find it harder going this time round, retrieved from www.malaymail.com Accessed date 1st July 2021.
Marshall, S. (2005), Streets and Pattern, Spon Press, New York
Martínez, L.; Short, J.R. (2021), The Pandemic City: Urban Issues in the Time of COVID-19. Sustainability, 13: 3295. https://doi.org/ 10.3390/su13063295
Montmayer, C & Haladjian, H.H (2017), Perception and Cognition Are Largely Independent, but Still Affect Each Other in Systematic Ways: Arguments from Evolution and the Consciousness-Attention Dissociation
Newman, O. (1972), Defensible Space: Crime Prevention Through Environmental Design, Macmillan Publishing.
Park,Y. & Garcia,M. (2020) Pedestrian safety perception and urban street settings, International Journal of Sustainable Transportation, 14:11, 860871, DOI: 10.1080/15568318.2019.1641577
Prime Minister Office, (2013), Reducing Crime, retrieved from www.pmo.gov.my Accessed on 2nd July 2021.
Project for Public Space, (2019) The Key to Safe Streets: Five Cities Humanizing Street Design, retrieved from www.pps.org. Accessed on 1st July 2021.
Soh, MC, (2012), Crime and Urbanisation: Revisited Malaysian Case, Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences 42 (2012): 291 – 299
Local Government Association UK (2021), Revitalising Town Centre: A Toolkit for Council, retrieved from www.local.gov.uk
Thestar.com.my (2020), Crime rates down in KL during MCO, say police
United Nations (2020), Policy Brief: COVID-19 in an Urban World, retrieved from www.un.org
UN Habitat (2020), UN-Habitat Guidance on Covid-19 and Public Space. Retrieved from www.unhabitat.org
Yin, R (2008), Case Study Research: Design and Methods, Sage Publications
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Copyright of articles that appear in International Journal of Built Environment and Sustainability belongs exclusively to Penerbit Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (Penerbit UTM Press). This copyright covers the rights to reproduce the article, including reprints, electronic reproductions or any other reproductions of similar nature.
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
- This Journal applies Creative Commons Licenses of CC-BY-NC-SA
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).