Using KRF Structures As An Adaptive Facade And Evaluation of Daylight Performance Based on Geometry: A Case Study in Ankara
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.11113/ijbes.v11.n1.1128Keywords:
Kinetic facade, Kinetic Reciprocal Frame (KRF), Reciprocal Frame (RF) Structure, Daylight Performance, Parametric SimulationsAbstract
Adaptive facades are widely used today because they are energy efficient and sustainable. It is expected that kinetic facades will become more common in the future and new geometries are constantly sought. Kinetic Reciprocal Frame (KRF) structures are also one of the innovative and sustainable approaches. In this study, KRF structures are used as adaptive facades and are analyzed in two stages. As a test model, a standard high-rise office building in Ankara, Turkey is created and simulations are made on the south facade. In the first stage, the modules’ applicability in different geometries is examined and the differences within the geometries are revealed. KRF modules are examined for cost-effectiveness and mobility. In the second stage, analyzes are made on the daylight performance of the geometries. Modules are evaluated based on spatial daylight autonomy (sDA), annual sunlight exposure (ASE), and average lux. As a result, in terms of daylight performance, the hexagonal KRF module gives the best result by drawing the most homogeneous values due to its high mobility. However, it is noticed that the daylight performance of the triangle KRF module is weak compared to other modules, the ASE values cannot be controlled and it is more difficult to implement because it is not effective in terms of cost per module. The fact that hexagonal modules give good results in terms of cost is found to be good in support of it. This study is also valuable study in terms of the application performance of KRF structures on the facade.
References
Asefi, M., & Bahremandi-Tolou, M. (2019). Design challenges of reciprocal frame structures in architecture. Journal of Building Engineering, 26: 100867. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jobe.2019.100867
Attia, S. (2017). Evaluation of adaptive facades: The case study of Al Bahr Towers in the UAE. QScience Connect, 2017(2):6. https://doi.org/10.5339/qproc.2016.qgbc.8.
Baverel, O. L. (2000). Nexorades: a family of interwoven space structures. University of Surrey (United Kingdom).
Chilton, J. (2010, January). Development of timber reciprocal frame structures in the UK. In Symposium of the International Association for Shell and Spatial Structures (50th. 2009. Valencia). Evolution and Trends in Design, Analysis and Construction of Shell and Spatial Structures: Proceedings. Editorial Universitat Politècnica de València. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/6844
Chilton, J. C., Choo, B. S., & Popovic, O. (1995). “Reciprocal frame” Retractable Roofs. Proceedings, Spatial Structures: Heritage, Present and Future, 467-474. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/343506432
Elghazi, Y. S., & Mahmoud, A. H. A. (2016). Origami explorations: a generative parametric technique for kinetic cellular façade to optimize daylight performance. Proc. eCAADe 2016.
Etman, O., Tolba, O., & Ezzeldin, S. (2013). Double-Skin Façades in Egypt between Parametric and Climatic Approaches. Performative and Interactive Architecture – Computation and Performance 1: 459- 466. -, https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2013.1.459.
Fox, M., & Kemp, M. (2009). Interactive Architecture: Adaptive World. Princeton Architectural Press.
Globa, A., Costin, G., Tokede, O., Wang, R., Khoo, C. K., & Moloney, J. (2021). Hybrid kinetic facade: fabrication and feasibility evaluation of full-scale prototypes. Architectural Engineering and Design Management, 18(6): 791-811. https://doi.org/10.1080/17452007.2021.1941739.
Goharian, A., Daneshjoo, K., Mahdavinejad, M., & Yeganeh, M. (2022). Voronoi Geometry for Building Facade to Manage Direct Sunbeams. Journal of Sustainable Architecture and Civil Engineering, 31(2): 109–124. https://doi.org/10.5755/j01.sace.31.2.30800.
Hachem, C., & Elsayed, M. (2016). Patterns of facade system design for enhanced energy performance of multistory buildings. Energy and Buildings, 130: 366–377. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enbuild.2016.08.051.
Hong, Wen., Chiang, M. S., Shapiro, R. A., & Clifford, M. L. (2007). Building energy efficiency : why green buildings are key to Asia’s future (M. P. Laurenzi, Ed.). Asia Business Council, Honkong.
Karakuş, G. (2016). Doha Tower - 2016 On Site Review Report [PDF]. https://archive.archnet.org/sites/15150/publications/10762.
Kim, H., Asl, M. R., & Yan, W. (2015, September). Parametric BIM-based energy simulation for buildings with complex kinetic façades. In Proceedings of the 33rd eCAADe Conference, 1: 657-664. https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2015.1.657
Lee, D., & Leounis, B. (2011). Digital Origami: Modeling planar folding structures. Clemson University (CU), ACADIA Regional. https://dx.doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2011.x.o0g.
Lim, Y. W., Kandar, M. Z., Ahmad, M. H., Ossen, D. R., & Abdullah, A. M. (2012). Building facade design for daylighting quality in typical government office building. Building and Environment, 57: 194–204. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.buildenv.2012.04.015.
Loonen, R. C. G. M., Rico-Martinez, J. M., Favoino, F., Brzezicki, M., Ménézo, C., La Ferla, G., & Aelenei, L. (2015). Design for façade adaptability–Towards a unified and systematic characterization. In 10th conference on advanced building skins, 1284-1294. Bern Switzerland. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/279955723.
Mahmoud, A. H. A., & Elghazi, Y. (2016). Parametric-based designs for kinetic facades to optimize daylight performance: Comparing rotation and translation kinetic motion for hexagonal facade patterns. Solar Energy, 126: 111–127. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.solener.2015.12.039.
Martokusumo, W., Koerniawan, M. D., Poerbo, H. W., Ardiani, N. A., & Krisanti, S. H. (2017). Algae And Building Façade Revisited. A Study Of Façade System For Infill Design. Journal of Architecture and Urbanism, 41(4): 296–304. https://doi.org/10.3846/20297955.2017.1411847.
Nazarzadeh, F., & Asefi, M. (2022). Geometric Feasibility of Kinetic Reciprocal Frame Structures with Linear and Curved Elements and a Constant Perimeter. Journal of Architectural Engineering, 28(2): 04022014. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)AE.1943-5568.0000541.
Pesenti, M., Masera, G., Fiorito, F., & Sauchelli, M. (2015). Kinetic Solar Skin: A Responsive Folding Technique. Energy Procedia, 70: 661–672. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.egypro.2015.02.174.
Pugnale, A., & Sassone, M. (2014). Structural reciprocity: critical overview and promising research/design issues. Nexus Network Journal, 16: 9-35.
Polat, H., & İLERİSOY, Z. Y. (2020). A Geometric Method on Facade Form Design with Voronoi Diagram. Modular Journal, 3(2): 179-194. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/348481275.
Popovic Larsen, O. (2014). Reciprocal frame (RF) structures: real and exploratory. Nexus Network Journal, 16: 119-134. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00004-014-0181-0.
Rezakhani M, Kim S-A. (2020). Using virtual reality to evaluate the impact of dispersion of joints on kinetic façade. In Proceedings of the 20th International Conference on Construction Applications of Virtual Reality. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/345762614.
Seyrek, C. I., Widera, B., & Woźniczka, A. (2021). Sustainability-Related Parameters and Decision Support Tools for Kinetic Green Façades. Sustainability, 13(18): 10313. https://doi.org/10.3390/su131810313.
Apple Dubai Mall/Foster+Partners. (2017). ArchDaily. https://www.archdaily.com/870357/apple-dubai-mall-foster-plus-partners. Retrivied on 8 October 2022.
IMA. (2016). Architecture. Imarabe. https://www.imarabe.org/en/architecture. Retrivied on 8 October 2022.
Kiefer Technic Showroom / Ernst Giselbrecht + Partner. (2010). ArchDaily. https://www.archdaily.com/89270/kiefer-technic-showroom-ernst-giselbrecht-partner?ad_medium=gallery. Retrieved on 8 October 2022.
Krymsky, Y. (2011). CJ R&D Center Kinetic Facade. Yazdanistudioresearch. https://yazdanistudioresearch.wordpress.com/2011/11/15/cj-rd-center-kinetic-facade/. Retrieved on 21 November 2022.
Lawrie, L. K., & Crawley, D. B. (2022). Development of Global Typical Meterological Years (TMYx) https://climate.onebuilding.org/sources/default.html. Retrieved on 19 January 2023.
Nagesh, R. (2022). India’s Pavilion of Lost Opportunities at the Expo 2020 Dubai.Thewire. https://thewire.in/government/indias-pavilion-of-lost-opportunities-at-the-expo-2020-dubai. Retrieved on 21 November 2022.
Q1, ThyssenKrupp Quarter Essen / JSWD Architekten + Chaix & Morel et Associés. (2013). ArchDaily. https://www.archdaily.com/326747/q1-thyssenkrupp-quarter-essen-jswd-architekten-chaix-morel-et-associes. Retrieved on 20 January 2023.
University of Southern Denmark – Campus Kolding. (2022). Henninglarsen. https://henninglarsen.com/en/projects/0900-0999/0942-sdu-campus-kolding. Retrivied on 8 October 2022.
RMIT Design Hub. (2013). Feeldesain:. https://www.feeldesain.com/rmit-design-hub.html. Retrieved on 8 October 2022.
Vestartas, P. (2019). Nexorades. Petrasvestartas. https://www.petrasvestartas.com/Nexorades. Retrieved on 19 January 2023.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Copyright of articles that appear in International Journal of Built Environment and Sustainability belongs exclusively to Penerbit Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (Penerbit UTM Press). This copyright covers the rights to reproduce the article, including reprints, electronic reproductions or any other reproductions of similar nature.
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
- This Journal applies Creative Commons Licenses of CC-BY-NC-SA
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).
