Shelter planning based on self-saving concepts in urban residential districts
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.11113/ijbes.v4.n1.157Abstract
With increasing population density in Asia, the potential higher risk was resulted from the residential districts with the higher plot ratio, especially in some megapolis (eg. Beijing and Shanghai). Presently it is more difficult for the rescue operation during the disasters because of the decreasing safe space among the buildings as a result of higher buildings and denser the district. Thus, an immediate self-saving action is more important than before during the disaster in the residential districts, and its realization depends on the reasonable shelter planning and its management system. In this study, the factors related to the self-saving were analyzed and concluded by the related the literatures retrieval and case study, and the case study was done by the in-depth interview and questionnaires in three different residential districts in Shanghai. It was found that the following factors related to the self-saving should be considered in the shelters planning: the distribution of the shelters including their space accessibility and area, evacuation passageways, the facilities of the disaster prevention (such as fire hydrant and guide signs) and subsidiary facilities (such as vegetation for the disaster prevention), the social cohesion, awareness of the self-saving and disaster prevention. Simultaneously, the shelters planning countermeasures based on the self-saving were proposed, which provided some theoretical bases for the study and plan of the security residential districts in future.
References
Code of urban residential areas planning & design (2002) GB50180-93, Beijing: China Architecture & Building Press.
DeBreo, S. (2015). Community Disaster Preparedness Guides. Government of Virgin Island.
Design code for urban disasters emergency shelter (exposure draft) (2012) GB xxxxx-2012, Beijing:2.
Department of Health of Qinghai Province (2010) ‘The relief work summarizes of Yushu earthquake of department of Health of Qinghai Province．Xining: Department of Health of Qinghai Province.
Emergency shelter for earthquake disasters—site and its facilities (GB21734 -2008), (2008)Beijing: Standard Press of China．
Earthquake resistant design codes in Japan, (2000), Tokyo: Japan Society of Civil Engineering
Forsyth,D.R.(2010) Group dynamics, 5th Edition ,Wadsworth: Cengage Learning.
Han,R. and Liu,J.Y.(2009) Shelter planning and its revelation in Japan’, New Building
Jenks,M., Burton,E. and Williams,K.(1996) ‘ The compact city: a sustainable urban form’. London: SPon Press:77-94
Johar, F and AS Permana eds (2015). Environmental Sustainability. UTM Press ISBN 978-983-52-1029-7.
Liu,K..(2006) ‘Residential area road traffic system planning method based on security research’, Shanghai: Tongji University.
Li,X.J. and Li,J.W. (2013) ‘The model and empirical research on the emergency shelter layout :a Case of xianyang’s central urban area’, Journal of Ningxia University (Natural Science Edition, Vol. 34(4):1-7
Marx,K.H. and Engels,F.N.(1956) ‘The complete works of Max and Angles’, Shanghai: People's Publishing House, Vol.1
Meng,X.H. and Song,L. (2012) Being vigilant in times of peace—some enlightenment on improving the construction of emergency shelters, Journal of Disaster Prevention and Reduction ,VoL.28 (4):94-97
Ormsb,S.J. (1978) ‘Earthseap: a manual of environmental planning. McGraw-Hill Book ComPany:25-51
Program on improved seismic safety provisions, (1987) U.S: Federal Emergency Management Agency
Regina,B.S.(2000) ‘Social cohesion as an aspect of the quality of societies: concept and measurement, social indicators department’. Mannheim, 1-2.
Ran,M.M.(2012) Based on the seismic behavior psychological refuge shelter space system research, Southwest Jiaotong University( dissertation )
Scientific Survey Team of National Earthquake Response Support Service (NERSS) (2008) The Second Project of Scientific Survey of Wenchuan Earthquake of Magnitude 8.0: Survey on the Self-help and Mutual Aid，Emergency Shelter and Disaster Relief Demand of the Public． Beijing: National Earthquake Response Support Service ( NERSS)
The second world conference on disaster reduction (2005), Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
Wang,D.M., Huang,B.S.,Li,Y.J.，LI Yongjia，ZHANG Yunchang，ZHANG Haitao，WANG Haiying (2012). Planning and construction of emergency shelter:a study based on surveying data of Yushu earthquake, JOURNAL OF NATURAL DISASTERS,VoL.21,No.1:66-70
Xiu,J.G.,Hu,P. and Yang,G.B.(2006) ‘Planning and construction of earthquake emergency asylum and city calamity prevention． Journal of College of Disaster Prevention Techniques, 8(1):1 - 5
Scientific Survey Team of National Earthquake Response Support
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright of articles that appear in International Journal of Built Environment and Sustainability belongs exclusively to Penerbit Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (Penerbit UTM Press). This copyright covers the rights to reproduce the article, including reprints, electronic reproductions or any other reproductions of similar nature.
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
- This Journal applies Creative Commons Licenses of CC-BY-NC-SA
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).
