Slum Conditions in Haryana and Pro-poor Housing Initiatives in Faridabad, India

Authors

  • Nirmala Nirmala Department of Architecture, Deenbandhu Chhotu Ram University of Science and Technology, Murthal, Sonepat, Haryana, India

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.11113/ijbes.v4.n3.214

Abstract

Rapid urbanization forces urban poor to live in slums and squatter settlement. In neo-liberal development approach, participatory planning and collaborative actions are becoming popular in slum upgrading programmes. This paper discusses the slum scenario in state of Haryana along with detailed pro-poor housing attempts in industrial city of Haryana i.e. Faridabad. The paper reviews the three projects that aimed to improve the living conditions and lives of urban poor communities in Faridabad. The study examines in detail BSUP projects at Dabua Colony and Bapu Nagar taken up under India’s first urban renewal mission i.e. JNNURM within the context of community participation. Results reveal that contrary to the state’s rhetoric of inclusive governance, the urban poor are completely excluded from settlement planning, leading to a lack of understanding of their needs by the state. BSUP housing scheme has failed to mobilize slum dwellers. Drawing on the experience of these projects, the paper seeks to answer the question: why the stated objectives were not achieved and makes recommendation that community led initiatives and slum mapping should be at the core of slum improvement strategy so that qualitatively superior areas can be planned for the unprivileged.

References

Almansi, Florencia (2009), “Regularizing land tenure within upgrading programmes in Argentina; the cases of Promeba and Rosario Hábitat”, Environment and Urbanization Vol 21, No 2, October, pages 389−414.

Anzorena, E J (1988), “The incremental development scheme of Hyderabad”, SELAVIP Newsletter (journal of low-income housing in Asia and the world), March.

Boonyabancha, S. (2009). Land for housing the poor—by the poor: experiences from the Baan Mankong nationwide slum upgrading programme in Thailand. Environment and Urbanization.

Boonyabancha, Somsook (2005), “Baan Mankong; going to scale with ‘slum’ and squatter upgrading in Thailand”, Environment and Urbanization Vol 17, No 1, April, pages 21−46.

Census of India 2011-Circular No. 8. Circular, Registrar General and Census Commissioner, Ministry of Home Affairs, New Delhi: Office of the Registrar General, January (2010).

Eric S. Belsky, Nicholas DuBroff, Daniel McCue, Christina Harris,Shelagh McCartney, and Jennifer Molinsky ( Nov 2013) Advancing Inclusive and Sustainable Urban Development: Correcting Planning Failures and Connecting Communities to Capital

Gaheli Centre of Research and Development (GCRD 2013), Slum Free City Plan of Faridabad, Prepared by GCRD for the Municipal Corporation Faridabad under Rajiv Awas Yojana (RAY).

Government of India, Slums in India-A Statistical Compendium2015, Ministry of Housing and Urban Poverty Alleviation, National Buildings Organization.

Hasan, M. (1999) A Handbook of Housing. Dhaka: Al-Amin Publishers.

McLeod, R. & Satterthwaite, D. (2001) The Significance of Housing Investment as a Means of Eliminating Poverty. United Kingdom: Homeless International.

Ministry of Housing and Urban Poverty Alleviation (2011). Report of the Technical Group on Urban Housing Shortage (TG-12) (2012-2017)

Moser, C. (1998) The asset vulnerability framework: Reassessing urban poverty reduction strategies. World Development, 26(1), pp 1-19.

NTAG study of BSUP projects to examine potential for Community Participation 2012 by Society for the Promotion of Area Resource Centres (SPARC) 2012

Ooi, G.L., & Phua, K.H. (2007). Urbanization and slum formation. Journal of Urban Health, 84(1), 27–34.

Patel, Sheela (2013), “Upgrade, rehouse or resettle? An assessment of the Indian government’s Basic Services for the Urban Poor (BSUP) programme,” Environment and Urbanization Vol 25, No1, April. DOI: 10.1177/0956247812473731

Planning Commission, Steering Committee on Urbanization, (2011), Report of the Working Group on Urban Poverty, Slums and Service Delivery System, p. 5. New Delhi.

Tipple, G. (2005) The place of home-based enterprises in the informal sector: evidence from Cochabamba, New Delhi, Surabaya and Pretoria. Urban Studies, 42(4), pp 611-632.

UN-HABITAT. (2003). The challenge of slums: Global report on human settlements 2003.

Downloads

Published

2017-09-10

How to Cite

Nirmala, N. (2017). Slum Conditions in Haryana and Pro-poor Housing Initiatives in Faridabad, India. International Journal of Built Environment and Sustainability, 4(3). https://doi.org/10.11113/ijbes.v4.n3.214