Factors, Nature and Impacts of Slum Dwellers Residential Mobility within the Dhaka City
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.11113/ijbes.v6.n3.355Keywords:
Residential mobility, Slum, Life-course perspective, DhakaAbstract
The pattern of residential mobility varies throughout the world. Slum populations consistently report higher rates of residential mobility than other populations. However, the pattern and the consequences of residential mobility of the slum dwellers are not well studied. Dhaka, the Capital of Bangladesh, has a large population, more than 14 million of which about 1.06 million live in slums with an increase of 60.73 percent in the last 17 years. The objectives of this study are: (1) to identify the significant factors of residential mobility of slum dwellers; and (2) to examine the patterns of residential mobility of slum dwellers in three slums area located in Dhaka. This study further analyzed the impacts of residential mobility on the socio-economic aspect of the slum dwellers. For this research purpose, 267 households from three slums of Dhaka namely Kallyanpur slum, Agargaon slum, and Karwan Bazar railgate slum were selected through non-probability convenience sampling and interviewed. This study found that residential mobility was influenced by factors which are related to life cycle; employment, income and distress; land tenure and homeownership; neighbourhood condition and grouping issues. Among all the studied variables the most five significant factors influencing residential mobility are slum eviction, unavailability of utility services, marriage, changing job and getting homeownership status. It is revealed that the nature of the residential mobility for the surveyed slum dwellers is mainly negative and it poses a significant impact on the socio-economic aspects of life. The findings of the study pave the way to recommend specific measures for the slum dwellers to improve their condition by lessening the negative impacts of residential mobility.
References
Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics (BBS) (2014) Census of slum areas and floating population 2014, Dhaka: Ministry of Planning, The Government of the People’s Republic of Bangladesh.
Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics (BBS) (1999) Census of slum areas and floating population 1997. Dhaka: Ministry of Planning, The Government of the People’s Republic of Bangladesh. 3
Briggs, X., de, S. (1997) Moving Up Versus Moving Out: Neighborhood Effects In Housing Mobility Programs. Housing Policy Debate. 8(1): 195–234.
Cadwallader, M. T. (1992). Migration and Residential Mobility: Macro And Micro Approaches. Madison, WI: University of Wisconsin.
Centre for Urban Studies (2012) Mapping Poor Settlements in 27 Cities and Towns of Bangladesh: UPPR Experience. Bulletin Number. 60-62: 1-5, Dhaka: CUS
Centre for Urban Studies (CUS) (1995) Survey of Slum And Squatter Settlements in Dhaka City: Final report. 1996, Dhaka; Urban Poverty Reduction Project and Asian Development Bank.
Clark, W. A. V. (2005) Intervening in the Residential Mobility Process: Neighborhood Out-Comes For Low-Income Populations,” Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 102 (43): 15307–15312.
Clark, W. A.V. and Withers, S. D. (1999) Changing Jobs And Changing Houses: Mobility Outcomes Of Employment Transitions, Journal of Regional Science. 39(4): 653–673.
Coulton, C. J., Brett, T. and Turner, M. A. (2009) Family Mobility And Neighborhood Change: New Evidence And Implications For Community Initiatives. Washington DC: Urban Institute.
Ersing, R. L., Sutphen, R. & Loeffler, D. N. (2009) Exploring The Impact And Implications Of Residential Mobility: From The Neighborhood To The School. Advances in Social Work. 10(1): 1-18
DOI: https://doi.org/10.18060/77
Fattah, H. A., Salleh, A. G., Badarulzaman, N. & Ali, K. (2015) Factors Affecting Residential Mobility among Households in Penang, Malaysia. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences. 170: 516-526.
Gramlich, E., Laren, D., and Sealand, N. (1992) Moving Into And Out Of Poor Urban Areas, Journal of Policy Analysis and Management. 11(2):273.
Habitat for Humanity GB. (2016) What is a Slum? Definition of a Global Housing Crisis. [ONLINE] Available at: https://www.habitatforhumanity.org.uk/what-we-do/where-we-work/slum-definition. [Accessed 19 December 2017].
Hagan, J., MacMillan, R. and Wheaton, B. (1996) New Kid In Town: Social Capital And The Life Course Effects Of Family Migration On Children. American Sociological Review. 61(3): 368–385.
Hedman, L. (2011) The Impact Of Residential Mobility On Measurements Of Neighbourhood Effects. Housing Studies. 26(04):501-519.
Lall, S. V., Suri, A. & Deichmann, U. (2006) Household Savings and Residential Mobility in Informal Settlements in Bhopal, India. Urban Studies. 43: 1025-1039
Long, L. 1991. Residential Mobility Differences among Developed Countries. International Regional Science Review. 14: 133-147.
Murphey, D., Bandey, T. and Moore, K. A. (2012) Frequent Residential Mobility and Children’s Well-Being. Research Brief #2012-02. Washington, DC: Child Trends. Available at http://Www.Childtrends.Org/Files/Child_Trends 2012_02_14_RB_Mobility.pdf.
Ozo, A. (1986) Residential Location and Intra-urban Mobility in a Developing Country: Some Empirical Observations from Benin City, Nigeria. Urban Studies. 23: 457-470.
Phinney, R. (2013) Exploring Residential Mobility among Low-Income Families. Social Service Review. 87: 780-815.
Sanga, S. A. (2015) Intra-Urban Residential Mobility And Tenants' Workplace Choices In Kinondoni Municipality. Habitat International. 49: 45-55.
Satu, S.A., & Chiu, R.L.H. (2019). Livability in Dense Residential Neighbourhoods of Dhaka. Housing Studies. 34(3): 538-559, doi: 10.1080/02673037.2017.1364711.
Short, J. R. (1978) Residential Mobility. Progress in Human Geography. 2(3): 419-447.
South, S. J., Crowder, K., & Chavez, E. (2005) Migration and Spatial Assimilation Among US Latinos: Classical Versus Segmented Trajectories. Demography. 42:497-521.
Warner, C. (2016) The Effect of Incarceration on Residential Mobility between Poor and Nonpoor Neighborhoods. City & Community. 15: 423-443.
Wood, D., Halfon, N. , Scarlata, D., Newacheck, P. and Nessim, S. (1993) Impact Of Family Relocation On Children’s Growth, Development, School Function And Behavior. Journal of the American Medical Association. 270(11): 1334-1338.
Zanganeh, Y., Hamidian, A. & Karimi, H. (2016) The Analysis Of Factors Affecting The Residential Mobility Of Afghan Immigrants Residing in Mashhad: (Case study: Municipality regions 4, 5 and 6). Asian Social Science. 12: 61-69
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright of articles that appear in International Journal of Built Environment and Sustainability belongs exclusively to Penerbit Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (Penerbit UTM Press). This copyright covers the rights to reproduce the article, including reprints, electronic reproductions or any other reproductions of similar nature.
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
- This Journal applies Creative Commons Licenses of CC-BY-NC-SA
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).
