An Indicator-Based Approach for Micro-Scale Assessment of Physical Flood Vulnerability of Individual Buildings

Authors

  • Ismaila Usman Kaoje Tropical Map Research Group, Faculty of Built Environment and Surveying, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 UTM Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9164-5749
  • Muhammad Zulkarnain Abdul Rahman Tropical Map Research Group, Faculty of Built Environment and Surveying, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 UTM Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia
  • Tze Huey Tam Tropical Map Research Group, Faculty of Built Environment and Surveying, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 UTM Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia
  • Mohd Radhie Mohd Salleh Tropical Map Research Group, Faculty of Built Environment and Surveying, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 UTM Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia
  • Nurul Hazrina Binti Idris Geoscience and Digital Earth Centre, Research Institute for Sustainability and Environment, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310, UTM Johor Bahru ,Johor, Malaysia
  • Abdullah Hisam Omar Geomatic Innovation Research Group (GIG), Faculty of Built Environment and Surveying, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 UTM Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.11113/ijbes.v8.n2.700

Keywords:

Flood, physical Vulnerability, indicators, buildings

Abstract

The current trends of floods event in many countries are alarming. Hence, managing flood and the associated risk are crucial in order to reduce the loss and to be well prepared for the combined impact of urbanization and climate changes. The best approach to manage flood activities is a risk-based approach, where the vulnerability of elements at risk is reduced to a minimum. There is a significant number of studies that use an indicator-based approach for flood vulnerability assessment with focus on the macro-scale. However, this paper assesses physical flood vulnerability of buildings at micro-scale using an indicator-based method in Kota Bharu, Malaysia. The region is one of the most flood affected regions in Malaysia. Micro-scale vulnerability assessment considers damages for individual buildings at risk, rather than in aggraded manner. In this study, the methodology adopted involve the use of 1D-2D SOBEK flood modelling, the selection and weightage of indicators, development of spatial based building index and, production of building vulnerability maps. The findings demonstrate the physical pattern of flood vulnerability of buildings at a micro-scale. The approach can assist in flood management planning and risk mitigation at a local scale

References

Alexander, M., Viavattene, C., Faulkner, H., & Priest, S. (2011). A GIS-based Flood Risk Assessment Tool : Supporting Flood Incident Management at the local scale. Retrieved March, 2019, from https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/f8b4/705e30441c67d8d07dc89305ccebdb550e19.pdf

Alias, N. E., Mohamad, H., Chin, W. Y., & Yusop, Z. (2016). Rainfall Analysis of the Kelantan Big Yellow Flood 2014. Jurnal Teknologi, 78(9–4), 83–90. https://doi.org/10.11113/jt.v78.9701

Balica, S. F. (2012). Applying the Flood Vulnerability Index as a Knowledge Base for Flood Risk Assessment: UNESCO-IHE PhD Thesis. Taylor & Francis. Retrieved March, 2019, from https://books.google.com.my/books?id=u2gnLgEACAAJ

Balica, S. F., Popescu, F. I., Beevers, L., & Wright, N. G. G. (2013). Parametric and physically based modelling techniques for flood risk and vulnerability assessment: A comparison. Environmental Modelling & Software, 41, 84–92. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envsoft.2012.11.002

Ciurean, R. L., Dagmar S. & Thomas G. (2013). Conceptual Frameworks of Vulnerability Assessments for Natural Disasters Reduction. In D. Schröter (Ed.) (p. Ch. 1). https://doi.org/10.5772/55538

Connelly, Angela. Carter, Jeremy G. Handley, J. (2015). State of the Art Report ( 4 ) Vulnerability Assessment. Retrieved March, 2019, from www.resin-cities.eu

Custer, R., & Nishijima, K. (2015). Flood vulnerability assessment of residential buildings by explicit damage process modelling. Natural Hazards, 78(1), 461–496. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11069-015-1725-7

de Brito, M. M., Evers, M., & Höllermann, B. (2017). Prioritization of flood vulnerability, coping capacity and exposure indicators through the Delphi technique: A case study in Taquari-Antas basin, Brazil. International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction, 24(May), 119–128. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijdrr.2017.05.027

DID. (2015). Generation of Flood Hazard Maps for SG. Langat, Selangor Darul Ehsan Final Report. Kuala Lumpu.

Grahn, T. & Nyberg, L. (2017). Assessment of pluvial flood exposure and vulnerability of residential areas. International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction, 21(January), 367–375. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijdrr.2017.01.016

Hadi, L. A. A., Naim, W. M. M., Adnan, N. A. A., Nisa, A., & Said, E. S. S. (2017). GIS Based Multi-Criteria Decision Making for Flood Vulnerability Index Assessment. Journal of Telecommunication, Electronic and Computer Engineering II., 9(1), 7–11. Retrieved April, 2019, from http://journal.utem.edu.my/index.php/jtec/issue/archive

Hua, A. K. (2015). Monsoon Flood Disaster in Kota Bharu , Kelantan Case Study : A Comprehensive Review. International Journal of Scientific Engineering and Research (IJSER), 3(9), 79–81.

Ibrahim, N. F. (2017). Identification of Vulnerabie Areas to Floods in Kelantan River Sub-Basins by Using Flood Vulnerability Index. International Journal of GEOMATE, 12(29), 107–114. https://doi.org/10.21660/2017.29.11110

Kappes, M. S., Papathoma-Köhle, M., & Keiler, M., (2012). Assessing physical vulnerability for multi-hazards using an indicator-based methodology. Applied Geography, 32(2), 577–590. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apgeog.2011.07.002

Khan, M. M. A., Shaari, N. A. B., Bahar, A. M. A., Baten, M. A., & Nazaruddin, D. A. B. (2014). Flood Impact Assessment in Kota Bharu, Malaysia: A Statistical Analysis. World Applied Sciences Journa, 32(4), 626–634. https://doi.org/10.5829/idosi.wasj.2014.32.04.422

Lee, N., Len, S., Bolong, N., Roslee, R., Tongkul, F., Karim, A., & Ayog, J. L. (2018). Flood Vulnerability Index for Critical Infrastructure Towards Flood Risk Management. ASM Science Journa. 11(3), 134–146.

Liew, D.Y.C, Ahmad, R., Yatim, M. N. M., & Ros, F. C. (2019). A Composite Indicator Approach to Assess Flood Vulnerability in Malaysia. The 4th International Conference on Water Resources (ICWR-2018).

Maruti, S. F., Amerudin, S., Kadir, W., & Yusof, Z. M. (2018). A hydrodynamic modelling of proposed dams in reducing flood hazard in Kelantan Catchment. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 140(1), https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/140/1/012043

Mazzorana, B., Simoni, S., Scherer, C., Gems, B., Fuchs, S., & Keiler, M. (2014). A physical approach on flood risk vulnerability of buildings. Hydrology and Earth System Sciences, 18(9), 3817–3836. https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-18-3817-2014

Bahar, A. M. A. (2010). Using Geographical Information System to Estimate Vulnerable Urban Settlements for Flood Hazard and Risk Assessment in City. Universiti Malaysia Kelantan Institutional Repository, 1–12. Retrieved March, 2019, from http://umkeprints.umk.edu.my/26/

Müller, A., Reiter, J. & Weiland, U., (2011). Assessment of urban vulnerability towards floods using an indicator-based approach – a case study for Santiago de Chile. Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences, 11(8), 2107–2123. https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-11-2107-2011

Mulok, S. A., Sivapiragasam, R., Othman, A., Majid, W. H. A & Basah, M. F. A. (2019). Development of Flood Risk Map in Flood Mitigation Project: Case Study: Kelantan River. The 4th International Conference on Water Resources (ICWR-2018).

Najibi, N. & Devineni, N. (2018). Recent trends in the frequency and duration of global floods. Earth System Dynamics, 9(2), 757–783. https://doi.org/10.5194/esd-9-757-2018

Nasiri, H., Yusof, M. J. M., Ali, T. A. & Hussein, M. K. B. (2018). District flood vulnerability index: urban decision-making tool. International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13762-018-1797-5

Nasiri, H., Yusof, M. J. M. & Ali, T. A. (2016). An overview to flood vulnerability assessment methods. Sustainable Water Resources Management, 2(3), 331–336. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40899-016-0051-x

Nasiri, H. & Shahmohammadi-kalalagh, S. (2013). Flood Vulnerability Index as a Knowledge Base for Flood Risk Assessment in Urban Area. Journal of Novel Applied Sciences, 2(8), 269–272. Retrieved April, 2019, from www.jnasci.org

Ouma, Y., & Tateishi, R. (2014). Urban Flood Vulnerability and Risk Mapping Using Integrated Multi-Parametric AHP and GIS: Methodological Overview and Case Study Assessment. Water, 6(6), 1515–1545. https://doi.org/10.3390/w6061515

Papathoma-Köhle, M., Cristofari, G., Wenk, M., & Fuchs, S. (2019). The importance of indicator weights for vulnerability indices and implications for decision making in disaster management. International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction, 36. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijdrr.2019.101103

Papathoma-Köhle, M., Kappes, M., Keiler, M., & Glade, T. (2011). Physical vulnerability assessment for alpine hazards: state of the art and future needs. Natural Hazards, 58(2), 645–680. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11069-010-9632-4

Papathoma-Köhle, M. (2016). Vulnerability curves vs. vulnerability indicators: application of an indicator-based methodology for debris-flow hazards. Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences, 16(8), 1771–1790. https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-16-1771-2016

Papathoma-Köhle, M., Gems, B., Sturm, M., & Fuchs, S. (2017). Matrices, curves and indicators: A review of approaches to assess physical vulnerability to debris flows. Earth-Science Reviews, 171 272–288. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.earscirev.2017.06.007

Romali, N. S., Yusop, Z., Sulaiman, M., & Ismail, Z. (2018). Flood Risk Assessment: A Review of Flood Damage Estimation Model for Malaysia. Jurnal Teknologi, 80(3). https://doi.org/10.11113/jt.v80.11189

UNESCO-IHE. (2012). Flood Vulnerability Indices (FVI). Retrieved March, 2019, from Institute for Water Education website: http://www.unesco-ihe-fvi.org/

UNISDR. (2017). Flood hazard and risk assessment. Retrieved June, 2019, from United Nation Office for Disaster Risk Reduction website: https://www.unisdr.org/we/inform/publications/57457

Vanderkimpen, P., Melger, E., & Peeters, P. (2008). Flood modeling for risk evaluation – a MIKE FLOOD vs . SOBEK 1D2D benchmark study. Proceedings of the European Conference on Flood Risk Management Research into Practice (FLOODRISK 2008), 77–84. Retrieved March, 2019, from http://documentatiecentrum.watlab.be/owa/imis.php?refid=127419&basketaction=add

Wahab, A. M., & Ludin, M. A. N. (2018). Flood vulnerability assessment using artificial neural networks in Muar Region, Johor Malaysia. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science. https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/169/1/012056

Zakaria, S. F., Zin, R. M., Mohamad, I., Balubaid, S., Mydin, S. H., & Mdr, E. M. R. (2017). The development of flood map in Malaysia. AIP Conference Proceedings. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5011632

Downloads

Published

2021-05-11

How to Cite

Usman Kaoje, I., Abdul Rahman, M. Z., Tam, T. H., Mohd Salleh, M. R., Idris, N. H. B., & Omar, A. H. . (2021). An Indicator-Based Approach for Micro-Scale Assessment of Physical Flood Vulnerability of Individual Buildings. International Journal of Built Environment and Sustainability, 8(2), 23–33. https://doi.org/10.11113/ijbes.v8.n2.700