A Study On Inter- Relationship Of Open Space And Social Cohesion For Wellbeing Of Elderly: A Systematic Literature Review
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.11113/ijbes.v9.n1.880Abstract
Social cohesion in public open spaces has been recommended as one of the key elements for improving the wellbeing of the elderly. Social cohesion includes relational elements and individuals' feeling of association. Over the past few decades, increasing social interaction in the neighbourhood is part of larger urban areas and has been regarded as one of the social sustainability initiatives and plays an important role in megacities sustainability. Comprehending place attachment is necessary to enhance elderly people's interactions to make them self-reliant. The study aims to identify the characteristics of open spaces with their major influential factors for enhancing social cohesion for the well-being of the elderly in an urban residential environment through a systematic literature review. The study focuses on addressing three research questions and analysing its results from primary literature studies in the review process. Ten electronic databases were searched for relevant work from papers written in English between 2011 and 2021. Quantitative, qualitative, and mixed methods studies were included. A narrative synthesis was carried out of published works to address the research questions after identifying the various characteristics. The review, which includes 57 published papers, found that the Open spaces are ideally characterized by accessibility, walkability, reduced fear and security, built environment characteristics, landscape elements, climate, best practices, and New Urbanism principles. On the other hand, social cohesion is influenced by activities, safety and security, public places, accessibility, natural elements, noise levels, vehicular interruptions, dimensions and geometry, climate, and physical amenities. A conceptual framework relating to open space attributes and social cohesion is proposed as the finding of the research. Prioritizing the attributes based on the physical, behavioural, and psychological needs of the elderly to keep them active in their aging process could be the further scope of research in this direction.
References
Saunders M.K, Lewis Philip, Thornhill Adrian (2019)(PDF) “Research Methods for Business Students” Chapter 4: Understanding research philosophy and approaches to theory development. (n.d.). Retrieved January 19, 2021, from https://www.researchgate.net/publication/330760964_Research_Methods_for_Business_Students_Chapter_4_Understanding_research_philosophy_and_approaches_to_theory_development.
Adinolfi, C., Suárez-Cáceres, G. P., & Cariñanos, P. (2014). Relation between visitors’ behavior and characteristics of green spaces in the city of Granada, south-eastern Spain. Urban Forestry and Urban Greening, 13(3): 534–542. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ufug.2014.03.007
Assisstant, F. (2019). ISSN : 0008-6452 Study Of Open Spaces In Urban Residential Neighbourhood – Madurai ISSN : 0008-6452. 53(2): 9–10.
Badland, H., Hooper, P., Timperio, A., Sugiyama, T., & Foster, S. (2019). action area 1 – Built environments. 14–22.
Bergvall-kåreborn, B., Wikman, A. M., Eriksson, C. I., & Ståhlbröst, A. (2015). A Model for Reflective Participatory Design - The Role of Participation, Voice and Space. 1–10.
Berkman, L. F., Glass, T., Brissette, I., & Seeman, T. E. (2013). From social integration to health: Durkheim in the new millennium. In The Sociology of Health and Illness: A Reader. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315013015-18
Björk, J., Albin, M., Grahn, P., Jacobsson, H., Ardö, J., Wadbro, J., & Ostergren, P. O. (2008). Recreational values of the natural environment in relation to neighbourhood satisfaction, physical activity, obesity and wellbeing. Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health, 62(4). 1-7. https://doi.org/10.1136/jech.2007.062414
Błaszczyk, M., Suchocka, M., Wojnowska-heciak, M., & Muszyńska, M. (2020). Quality of urban parks in the perception of city residents with mobility difficulties. 1–25. https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.10570
Cao, X., Handy, S. L., & Mokhtarian, P. L. (2006). The influences of the built environment and residential self-selection on pedestrian behavior: Evidence from Austin, TX. Transportation, 33(1): 1–20. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11116-005-7027-2
Chan, C. J., & Chan, C. J. (2017). Social Media as Enabler for ICT Inclusion to Achieve Active Ageing Social Media as Enabler for ICT Inclusion to Achieve Active Ageing Completed Research Paper.
Chang, P. (2020). Landscape and Urban Planning Effects of the built and social features of urban greenways on the outdoor activity of older adults. Landscape and Urban Planning, 204(November 2019), 103929. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landurbplan.2020.103929
Cramm, J. M., Dijk, H. M. Van, & Nieboer, A. P. (2012). The Importance of Neighborhood Social Cohesion and Social Capital for the Well Being of Older Adults in the Community. 0: 142–150. https://doi.org/10.1093/geront/gns052
Daskalopoulou, C., Stubbs, B., Kralj, C., Koukounari, A., Prince, M., & Prina, A. M. (2017). Physical activity and healthy ageing: A systematic review and meta-analysis of longitudinal cohort studies. Ageing Research Reviews, 38: 6–17. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.arr.2017.06.003
Diego, S., Rojo-p, F., & Rodr, V. (2020). Environmental and Psychosocial Interventions in Age-Friendly Communities and Active Ageing : A Systematic Review.
Dodd, C., Adam, M., & Dodd, C. (2017). Association for Information Systems AIS Electronic Library ( AISeL ) Designing User Interfaces for the Elderly : A Systematic Literature Review Designing User Interfaces for the Elderly Designing User Interfaces for the Elderly : A Systematic Literature R.
Edwards, N., Hooper, P., Trapp, G. S. A., Bull, F., Boruff, B., & Giles-corti, B. (2013). Development of a Public Open Space Desktop Auditing Tool ( POSDAT ): A remote sensing approach. Applied Geography, 38: 22–30. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apgeog.2012.11.010
Elliott, H., Eon, C., & Breadsell, J. K. (2020). Improving City Vitality through Urban Heat Reduction with Green Infrastructure and Design Solutions : A Systematic Literature Review. 1–28.
Elsawahli, H., Ahmad, F., & Ali, A. S. (2013). New urbanism design principles and young elderly active lifestyle : An analysis of TTDI neighbourhood in Kuala Lumpur , Malaysia. 19(4): 249–258. https://doi.org/10.1057/udi.2013.22
Fabisiak, B., Jankowska, A., & Kłos, R. (2020). Attitudes of Polish Seniors toward the Use of Public Space during the First Wave of the COVID-19 Pandemic.
Feng, I. M., Chen, J. H., Zhu, B. W., & Xiong, L. (2018). Assessment of and improvement strategies for the housing of healthy elderly: Improving quality of life. Sustainability (Switzerland), 10(3). https://doi.org/10.3390/su10030722
Fonseca, X., Lukosch, S., & Brazier, F. (2019). Social cohesion revisited: a new definition and how to characterize it. Innovation, 32(2), 231–253. https://doi.org/10.1080/13511610.2018.1497480
Fortune, N., Singh, A., Badland, H., Stancli, R. J., & Llewellyn, G. (2020). Area-Level Associations between Built Environment Characteristics and Disability Prevalence in Australia : An Ecological Analysis.
Francis, J., Giles-Corti, B., Wood, L., & Knuiman, M. (2012). Creating sense of community: The role of public space. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 32(4): 401–409. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvp.2012.07.002
Gong, F., Zheng, Z.-C., & Ng, E. (2016). Modeling Elderly Accessibility to Urban Green Space in High Density Cities: A Case Study of Hong Kong. Procedia Environmental Sciences, 36: 90–97. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proenv.2016.09.018
Guo, M., Liu, B., Tian, Y., & Xu, D. (2020). Equity to Urban Parks for Elderly Residents : Perspectives of Balance between Supply and Demand.
Hanafizadeh, P., Keating, B. W., & Khedmatgozar, H. R. (2014). A systematic review of Internet banking adoption. Telematics and Informatics 492-510. ?https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tele.2013.04.003
He, H., Lin, X., Yang, Y., & Lu, Y. (2020). Urban Forestry & Urban Greening Association of street greenery and physical activity in older adults : A novel study using pedestrian-centered photographs Urban Forestry & Urban Greening. 55(April): 1-25. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ufug.2020.126789
Hu, X., Wei, Y., & Tang, J. (2020). Design Strategy of Friendly and Healthy Environment for Urban Aging Community Design Strategy of Friendly and Healthy Environment for Urban Aging Community. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science. 598: 1-7. https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/598/1/012044
Int, U. Des, & Carmona, M. (2018). Principles for public space design , planning to do better. URBAN DESIGN International, Carmona 2015. Urban Design International 24: 47-59 https://doi.org/10.1057/s41289-018-0070-3
Int, U. Des, Zang, P., Xue, C. Q. L., Lu, Y., & Tu, K. (2018). Neighbourhood adaptability for Hong Kong ’ s ageing population. Urban Design International 24: 1-19 https://doi.org/10.1057/s41289-018-0074-z
Jeannotte, M. S. (2003). Singing alone? The contribution of cultural capital to social cohesion and sustainable communities. International Journal of Cultural Policy, 9(1): 35–49. https://doi.org/10.1080/1028663032000089507
Kaczynski, A. T., Koohsari, M. J., Stanis, S. A. W., Bergstrom, R., & Sugiyama, T. (2014). Association of street connectivity and road traffic speed with park usage and park-based physical activity. American Journal of Health Promotion, 28(3), 197–203. https://doi.org/10.4278/ajhp.120711-QUAN-339
Kaczynski, A. T., & Mowen, A. J. (2011). Does self-selection influence the relationship between park availability and physical activity? Preventive Medicine, 52(1): 23–25. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ypmed.2010.10.003
Karuppannan, S., & Sivam, A. (2012). Comparative analysis of utilisation of open space at neighbourhood level in three Asian cities : Singapore , Delhi and Kuala Lumpur. Urban Design International 18(2): 145–164. https://doi.org/10.1057/udi.2012.34
Ki, D., & Lee, S. (2021a). Analyzing the effects of Green View Index of neighborhood streets on walking time using Google Street View and deep learning. In Landscape and Urban Planning 205: 1-11. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landurbplan.2020.103920
Ki, D., & Lee, S. (2021b). Landscape and Urban Planning Analyzing the effects of Green View Index of neighborhood streets on walking time using Google Street View and deep learning. Landscape and Urban Planning, 205(August 2020), 103920. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landurbplan.2020.103920
Kondo, M. C., South, E. C., & Branas, C. C. (2015). Nature-Based Strategies for Improving Urban Health and Safety. Journal of Urban Health. Journal of Urban Health. 92: 1-15 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11524-015-9983-y
Koohsari, M. J., Kaczynski, A. T., Giles-Corti, B., & Karakiewicz, J. A. (2013). Effects of access to public open spaces on walking: Is proximity enough? Landscape and Urban Planning, 117, 92–99. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landurbplan.2013.04.020
Lai, D., Lian, Z., Liu, W., Guo, C., Liu, W., Liu, K., & Chen, Q. (2020). Science of the Total Environment A comprehensive review of thermal comfort studies in urban open spaces. Science of the Total Environment, 742: 140092. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.140092
Lak, A., Aghamolaei, R., Baradaran, H. R., & Myint, P. K. (2020). Urban Forestry & Urban Greening A Framework for Elder-Friendly Public Open Spaces from the Iranian Older Adults ’ perspectives : A Mixed-Method Study. Urban Forestry & Urban Greening, 56(January), 126857. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ufug.2020.126857
Lak, A., Aghamolaei, R., & Myint, P. K. (2020). How Do Older Women Perceive their Safety in Iranian Urban Outdoor Environments ? 411–433.
Lau, S. S. Y., Gou, Z., & Liu, Y. (2014). Healthy campus by open space design: Approaches and guidelines. Frontiers of Architectural Research, 3(4): 452–467. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foar.2014.06.006
Lenzholzer, S., Carsjens, G., Brown, R. D., Tavares, S., Vanos, J., Kim, Y., & Lee, K. (2020). Urban Climate Awareness of urban climate adaptation strategies – an international overview. Urban Climate, 34(December 2019), 100705. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.uclim.2020.100705
Lestan, K. A., Eržen, I., & Golobič, M. (2014). The role of open space in urban neighbourhoods for health-related lifestyle. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 11(6), 6547–6570. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph110606547
Lestan, K., Golobič, M., Eržen, I., & Goličnik Marušić, B. (2013). Open spaces increase the quality of built up areas. WIT Transactions on Ecology and the Environment, 179(1): 423–436. https://doi.org/10.2495/SC130361
Levinger, P., Panisset, M., Dunn, J., Haines, T., Dow, B., Batchelor, F., Biddle, S., Duque, G., & Hill, K. D. (2020). Exercise interveNtion outdoor proJect in the cOmmunitY for older people – results from the ENJOY Seniors Exercise Park project translation research in the community.
Levy-Storms, L., Chen, L., & Loukaitou-Sideris, A. (2018). Older Adults’ needs and preferences for open space and physical activity in and near parks: A systematic review. In Journal of Aging and Physical Activity 26(4): 682–696. Human Kinetics Publishers Inc. https://doi.org/10.1123/japa.2016-0354
Levy, Y., & Ellis, T. J. (2006). A systems approach to conduct an effective literature review in support of information systems research. Informing Science, 9: 181–211. https://doi.org/10.28945/479
Li, Y., Ye, Y., Xiao, L., Xu, W., Law, A., & Wang, D. (2016). Classifying community space at a historic site through cognitive mapping and GPS tracking : The case of Gulangyu , China Urban Design International. 22: 127-149 https://doi.org/10.1057/s41289-016-0010-z
Liang, X., Tian, H., Li, X., Huang, J., Clarke, K. C., Yao, Y., Guan, Q., & Hu, G. (2021). Landscape and Urban Planning Modeling the dynamics and walking accessibility of urban open spaces under various policy scenarios. Landscape and Urban Planning, 207(August 2020): 103993. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landurbplan.2020.103993
Lin, Y., Zhou, Y., Lin, M., Wu, S., & Li, B. (2021). Exploring the disparities in park accessibility through mobile phone data : Evidence from Fuzhou of China. Journal of Environmental Management, 281(August 2020): 111849. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2020.111849
Liu, Z., Kemperman, A., & Timmermans, H. (2021). Correlates of frequency of outdoor activities of older adults : Empirical evidence from Dalian , China. Travel Behaviour and Society, 22(August 2019): 108–116. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tbs.2020.09.003
Lott, A. J., & Lott, B. E. (1965). Group Cohesiveness As Interpersonal Attraction: A Review Of Relationships With Antecedent And Consequent Variables 1. In Psychological Bulletin. 64(4).
Maing, M. (2017). O-0802 Urban Living Room: An explorative study of elderly and public space in high density living UIA 2017 Seoul World Architects Congress. Seoul, Korea
Marakhimov, A., & Joo, J. (2017). Consumer adaptation and infusion of wearable devices for healthcare. Computers in Human Behavior, 76: 135–148. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2017.07.016
Model, A. C. (2005). The Significance of Parks to Physical Activity and. 28. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ampre.2004.10.024
Niknejad, N., Ismail, W., Ghani, I., Nazari, B., Bahari, M., & Hussin, A. R. B. C. (2020). Understanding Service-Oriented Architecture (SOA): A systematic literature review and directions for further investigation. Information Systems, 91: 101491. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.is.2020.101491
Noon, R. Ben, & Ayalon, L. (2018). Older Adults in Public Open Spaces: Age and Gender Segregation. The Gerontologist, 58(1): 149–158. https://doi.org/10.1093/geront/gnx047
Owen, N. (n.d.). Public open space, physical activity , urban design and public health : Concepts , methods and research agenda. 1–28.
Paul, A., Kumar, T., Jahan, S., Mohaiminul, M., & Mark, A. (2020). Urban Forestry & Urban Greening Public Open space , Green exercise and well-being in. Urban Forestry & Urban Greening, 55(April): 126825. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ufug.2020.126825
Schipperijn, J., Bentsen, P., Troelsen, J., Toftager, M., & Stigsdotter, U. K. (2013). Associations between physical activity and characteristics of urban green space. Urban Forestry and Urban Greening, 12(1): 109–116. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ufug.2012.12.002
Schmidt, S. J. (2008). The Evolving Relationship Between Open Space Preservation and Local Planning Practice. XX(Xx). Journal Of Planning History 7: 91-12 https://Doi.Org/10.1177/1538513207304714
Sundevall, E. P. (2020). Inclusive Parks across Ages : Multifunction and Urban Open Space Management for Children , Adolescents , and the Elderly. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, Switzerland
Teresa, M., Larriva, B., & Higueras, E. (2020). Urban Climate Health risk for older adults in Madrid , by outdoor thermal and acoustic comfort. Urban Climate, 34(August): 100724. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.uclim.2020.100724
Type, A., & History, A. (2019). ﻦ ﯿ ﺑ رد نآ ﺎﺑ ﻂﺒﺗﺮﻣ ﻞﻣاﻮﻋ و ﯽ ﮔﺪﻧز ﺖ ﯿ ﻔ ﯿ ﮐ ناﺪﻨﻤﻟﺎﺳ. 6(3), 145–151. https://doi.org/10.29252/jech.6.3.145
Uchiyama, Y. (2020). Access and Use of Green Areas during the COVID-19 Pandemic : Green Infrastructure Management in the “ New Normal .” Sustainability. 12:1-9
Veitch, J., Salmon, J., Carver, A., Timperio, A., Crawford, D., Fletcher, E., & Giles-Corti, B. (2014). A natural experiment to examine the impact of park renewal on park-use and park-based physical activity in a disadvantaged neighbourhood: The REVAMP study methods. BMC Public Health, 14(1): 600. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2458-14-600
Wang, L., & Kang, J. (2020). Acoustic demands and influencing factors in facilities for the elderly. Applied Acoustics, 170, 107470. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apacoust.2020.107470
Warraich, M. U., & Sell, A. (2018). Co-creation Model to Design Wearables for Emotional Wellness of Elderly.
Webster, J., & Watson, R. T. (2002). ANALYZING THE PAST TO PREPARE FOR THE FUTURE: WRITING A LITERATURE REVIEW. In MIS Quarterly 26(2): 8-18 http://www.misq.org/misreview/announce.html
Wen, C., Albert, C., & Haaren, C. Von. (2020). Urban Forestry & Urban Greening Equality in access to urban green spaces : A case study in Hannover , Germany , with a focus on the elderly population. Urban Forestry & Urban Greening, 55(August): 126820. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ufug.2020.126820
White, M. P., Elliott, L. R., Gascon, M., Roberts, B., & Fleming, L. E. (2020). Blue space , health and well-being : A narrative overview and synthesis of potential benefits. Environmental Research, 191(August),: 110169. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2020.110169
Wu, J., Yang, M., Xiong, L., Wang, C., & Ta, N. (2021). Landscape and Urban Planning Health-oriented vegetation community design : Innovation in urban green space to support respiratory health. Landscape and Urban Planning 205(500): 1-8 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landurbplan.2020.103973
Yang, S., & Zhu, Q. (2017). The Safety of Walking Space for the Elderly People Living in Communities in Beijing, China. Open Journal of Social Sciences, 05(04): 153–158. https://doi.org/10.4236/jss.2017.54014
Yu, X., & Zhang, W. (2020). Neighborhood ’ s locality , road types , and residents ’ multimorbidity : evidence from China ’ s middle-aged and older adults. 1–11.
Zeng, W., Huo, X., & Yu, Z. (2020). Humanistic demand and spatiotemporal perspective in the evaluation of urban life quality — A case study of Shandong Province in China. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science.580: 1-16 https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/580/1/012065
Zhai, Y., Li, K., & Liu, J. (2018). A Conceptual Guideline to Age-Friendly Outdoor Space Development in China: How Do Chinese Seniors Use the Urban Comprehensive Park? A Focus on Time, Place, and Activities. Sustainability, 10(10), 3678. https://doi.org/10.3390/su10103678
Zhang, J., Cheng, Y., & Zhao, B. (2021). How to accurately identify the underserved areas of peri-urban parks ? An integrated accessibility indicator. Ecological Indicators, 122: 107263. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2020.107263
Zhang, Z., Fisher, T., & Feng, G. (2020). Assessing the Rationality and Walkability of Campus Layouts. 1–21.
Zhu, B.-W., Zhang, J.-R., Tzeng, G.-H., Huang, S.-L., & Xiong, L. (2017). Public Open Space Development for Elderly People by Using the DANP-V Model to Establish Continuous Improvement Strategies towards a Sustainable and Healthy Aging Society. Sustainability, 9(3): 420. https://doi.org/10.3390/su9030420
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Copyright of articles that appear in International Journal of Built Environment and Sustainability belongs exclusively to Penerbit Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (Penerbit UTM Press). This copyright covers the rights to reproduce the article, including reprints, electronic reproductions or any other reproductions of similar nature.
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
- This Journal applies Creative Commons Licenses of CC-BY-NC-SA
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).
