Acknowledging the Tourist Spatial Behavior for Space Management in Urban Heritage Destination

Authors

  • Nurul Diyana Md Khairi Universiti Teknologi Malaysia
  • Hairul Nizam Ismail Universiti Teknologi Malaysia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.11113/ijbes.v2.n4.99

Abstract

How tourists consume spatial activities within a destination at micro level such as urban spaces might reveal the level of motivation among tourists, and arguably critical to be understood for efficiency in space and urban planning management. Due to the large concentration of movement throughout the urban centers, the spatial activities generated by the tourist nowadays were seen as influential forces in shaping the city function. Inaccurate information of their movement may lead into problematic city space management for city planner through incompatible facilities and activities in the tourism destination. Thus, extended perspective as to how tourists consume the destination is critical in understanding tourist motivation and behavior in terms of spatial behavior. In order to comprehensively recognize tourist spatial behavior, there is a need to integrate space (spatial data) with psychological and sociological aspects (non-spatial data). Integrating these two aspects potentially allows the researcher to portray spatial activities generate by tourist at different spaces and times. For this purpose, Melaka City is selected as a case study. It is a well-known as heritage tourist destination and received a large number of tourist arrival as well as movement within its World Heritage Site (WHS) boundaries. An analysis of 128 respondents on on-going survey was conducted in order to acknowledge this understanding of tourist spatial behavior using comparative techniques of traditional and advanced tracking methods to acquire the data. A preliminary finding reveals various variables describing the spatial activity of tourist relevant to tourist space consumption, and therefore their motivation through tourist spatial behavior.

References

Alzua, A., J. O’leary, And A. Morrison (1998). “Cultural and Heritage Tourism: Identifying Niches for International Travelers.” Journal of Travel and Tourism Studies, 9 (2): 2-13.

Ashworth, G. J., & Page, S. J. (2011). Urban tourism research: Recent progress and current paradoxes. Tourism Management, 32(1), 1–15.

Baloglu, S. (2001). Image variations of Turkey by familiarity index: Informational and experiential dimensions. Tourism Management, 22(2), 127-133

Basala, S., & Klenosky, D. B. (2001). Travel style preferences for visiting a novel destination: A conjoint investigation across the novelty-familiarity continuum. Journal of Travel Research, 40(2), 172-182.

Chen, J., Shaw, S., Yu, H., Lu, F., Chai, Y., And Jia, Q. (2011) Exploratory Data Analysis of Activity Diary Data: A Space-Time GIS Approach. Journal of Transport Geography 19, 3, 394–404.

Debbage, K. (1991) Spatial Behavior in a Bahamian Resort. Annals of Tourism Research:18251–18268.

Dks (1999). Pennsylvania Heritage Tourism Study. Harrisburg: Pennsylvania Department of Conservation and Natural Resources.

Edwards, D., Griffin, T. and Hayllar, B. (2008) Urban tourism precincts: an overview of key themes and issues. In B. Hayllar, T. Griffin, and D. Edwards (Eds.) City Spaces – Tourist Places: Urban Tourism Precincts. UK: Elsevier.

Fennell, D. (1996). A tourist space-time budget in the Shetland Islands. Annals of Tourism Research, 23(4), 811–829.

Formica, S., and M. Uysal (1998). “Market Segmentation of International Cultural-Historic Event in Italy.” Journal of Travel Research, 36 (Spring): 16-24.

Getz, D. (2007). Event Studies. Theory, Research and Policy for Planned Events. Amsterdam: Elsevier Butterworth-Heinemann.

Hagerstrand, T., (1970). What about People in Regional Science? Regional Science Association Papers, Vol XXIV, pp.7-21.

Hannabus, S. (1999). “Postmodernism and the Heritage Experience.” Library Management, 20 (5): 295-302.

Hannam, K. & Knox, D. (2010) Understanding Tourism – A Critical Introduction. London: SAGE Publications Ltd

Holden A. (2000) Environment and Tourism, Routledge, London.

Leiper, N., (1997). Tourism Management, RMIT Press, Australia.

Lin L, Xu Z, Ding D. (2007) Spatial behaviour of tourists research. Sci Geogr Sin. 27(3):434–439 Mansfield, Y. (1990) Spatial patterns of international tourist flows: towards a theoretical framework. Progress in Human Geography 14(3) 372-390.

Mansfeld, Y. (1992). From motivation to actual travel. Annals of Tourism Research, 19, 399–419

Mckercher, B. and Lau, G. (2008) 'Movement Patterns of Tourists within a Destination', Tourism Geographies, 10(3), 355-374

Mechinda P., Serirat, S., & Guild, N. (2009). An examination of tourists’ attitudinal and behavioral loyalty: Comparison between domestic and international tourists. Journal of Vacation Marketing, 15(2), 129-149.

Mill, R., and A. Morrison (1985) The Tourism System: An Introductory Text. Englewood Cliffs: Prentice Hall.

Milman and Pizam (1995) also showed that familiarity influences the likelihood of visitation. Likewise, destination loyalty is affected by familiarity (Mechinda et al., 2009).

Milman, A., & Pizam, A. (1995). The role of awareness and familiarity with a destination: The central Florida case. Journal of Travel Research, 33(3), 21-27.

Modsching, M., Ten Hagen, K., Kramer, R., & Gretzel, U. (2006). Capturing the beaten paths: a novel method for analysing tourists' spatial behaviour at an urban destination. In M. Hitz, M. Sigala & J. Murphy (Eds.), Information and Communication Technologies in Tourism: Proceedings of the International Conference (pp. 75-86). Vienna, Austria: Springer Verlag.

Page (2002) Urban Tourism: Evaluating the Tourist’s Experiences Of Urban Places, The tourist experience- a new approach, Continuum, London

Pearce, D. (1988) ‘Tourist Time-budgets’, Annals of Tourism Research, vol. 15, pp. 106- 121.

Pearce, P.L. (2005) Tourists Behaviour: Themes and Conceptual Schemes, Clevedon: Channel

Ryan, C. (2002) Stages, Gazes and Constructions of Tourism. In The Tourist Experience, C. Ryan, ed., pp. 1–26. London: Continuum.

Shaw, G. And Williams, A.M. (2004) Tourism and Tourism Spaces. London, GBR: Sage Publications.

Shoval, N. (2008). Tracking technologies and urban analysis. Cities, 25, 21–28.

Shoval, N., & Isaacson, M. (2006). Application of tracking technologies to the study of pedestrian spatial behaviour. The Professional Geographer, 58(2), 172–183.

Shoval, N., & Isaacson, M. (2007). Tracking tourist in the digital age. Annals of Tourism Research, 34(1), 141–159.

Shoval, N., & Isaacson, M. (2010). Tourist mobility and advanced tracking technologies. London and New York: Routledge.

Snepenger, D., & Snepenger, M. (1993). Information search by pleasure travelers. In M. A. Kahn, M. D. Olsen, & T. Var (Eds.), Encyclopedia of Hospitality and Tourism (pp. 830-835). New York, NY: Van Nostrand Reinhold.

Wahab, S. and Cooper, C. (Eds.) (2001). Tourism in the Age of Globalisation. New York: Routledge.

Walmsley, D., and J. Jenkins (1999) Cognitive Distance: A Neglected Issue in Travel Behavior. In Consumer Behavior in Travel and Tourism, A. Pizam and Y. Mansfield, eds., pp. 287–303. New York: Haworth Hospitality Press.

Downloads

Published

2015-11-23

How to Cite

Md Khairi, N. D., & Ismail, H. N. (2015). Acknowledging the Tourist Spatial Behavior for Space Management in Urban Heritage Destination. International Journal of Built Environment and Sustainability, 2(4). https://doi.org/10.11113/ijbes.v2.n4.99